Chinese scholars must sharpen their focus on the internal conflicts reshaping the United States if they are to help Beijing navigate its rivalry with Washington, according to a prominent academic.

These crises include shifts in political culture, heightened racial tensions, the unsustainability of the country’s economic and fiscal model and the widespread influence of protectionism and populism, according to Ni Feng, a researcher and former director of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ Institute of American Studies.

“Without updating our knowledge base on these issues, it will be difficult to achieve a breakthrough in constructing a new research paradigm,” he wrote in the latest edition of the Journal of the University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.

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Since Washington officially labelled Beijing a “strategic competitor” in 2017, the field of American studies in China had “entered a new stage serving the great power game”, Ni argued, as competition had evolved from a tussle over trade to a broader competition over global influence.

To fill this role, Chinese academics should build an autonomous, China-centred system of knowledge of the US, Ni said. Researchers should first clarify “who [they] are” and “why [they] are studying the US”.

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Their research agenda should be “driven by China’s national interests and security concerns” rather than simply following the topics set by American academia. He added that Chinese research on the US remained superficial and did not offer penetrating structural insights.

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